Endometriosis is a leading cause of infertility in females. The condition is caused by the endometrial tissue, the lining of the inside of the uterus, growing outside the uterus and attaching to other nearby organs such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
Endometriosis leads to the build up of scar tissue that often blocks the fallopian tubes or otherwise interferes with ovulation. Endometriosis also can lead to the formation of ovarian cysts, called endometrioma, that can interfere with ovulation as well.
The initial diagnosis of this disorder is done after a medical history review and pelvic examination. An outpatient surgical procedure, called a laparoscopy, is required to confirm the diagnosis of endometriosis.
Treatment options include medication and/or surgery.
